OpensshApplication · OpenBSD

CVE-2026-59997

MEDIUM · 5.4 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-07-08
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 10.4 or later.
See remediation →
61/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Remotely reachable No privileges 6 weeks old

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
internal-sftp in sshd in OpenSSH before 10.4 recognizes only the first 9 command-line arguments, which can be important if a later command-line argument would have helped to ensure the intended security properties of an SFTP connection.

In the news

Third-party coverage
Trending covered by 1 outlet this week · latest 1mo ago

Surfaced from public web coverage — external links open in a new tab.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

OpenSSH's internal-sftp subsystem (sshd internal SFTP server) only parses and recognizes the first 9 command-line arguments passed to it. Any security-relevant arguments specified in position 10 or later are silently ignored, potentially leaving SFTP connections with unintended or weaker security configurations than administrators specified.

MitigationUpgrade to OpenSSH 10.4 or later where this argument-parsing limit is fixed. Until then, ensure any security-critical sftp-server arguments are positioned within the first 9 arguments, or consider using an explicit external sftp-server binary with known configuration.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
OpensshApplication
Affected:< 10.4

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check OpenSSH version
    Run 'sshd -V' or 'ssh -V' to determine the installed OpenSSH version
    Affected if Version is below 10.4 (e.g., 10.3, 10.2, etc.)
  2. Identify SFTP subsystem configuration
    Inspect /etc/ssh/sshd_config for 'Subsystem sftp' directive - look for 'internal-sftp' as the handler
    Affected if The configuration uses 'internal-sftp' rather than an external sftp-server binary path
  3. Count sftp-server arguments
    Extract the full argument line from the Subsystem sftp directive in sshd_config and count the total arguments after 'internal-sftp'
    Affected if 10 or more arguments are specified after 'internal-sftp' in the subsystem directive, meaning arguments at position 10 or later are ignored on vulnerable versions
  4. Verify argument positioning
    Review the sshd_config sftp subsystem line and note which security-relevant options (such as -u, -l, -R, or chroot settings) appear at argument positions 10 or beyond
    Affected if Critical security arguments (like umask, log level, or chroot configuration) are placed at position 10 or higher in the argument list

A system is affected if it runs OpenSSH version below 10.4, uses the internal-sftp subsystem, and passes 10 or more arguments where security-critical options may be silently ignored.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 10.4 or later
Fixed in 10.4
Interim mitigation

Upgrade to OpenSSH 10.4 or later where this argument-parsing limit is fixed. Until then, ensure any security-critical sftp-server arguments are positioned within the first 9 arguments, or consider using an explicit external sftp-server binary with known configuration.

Recommended fix Moderate confidence

OpenSSH 10.4

  1. Upgrade OpenSSH to version 10.4 or later
  2. Verify the upgrade by checking the OpenSSH version: sshd -V or ssh -V
  3. Test SFTP functionality to ensure internal-sftp properly handles all command-line arguments after the upgrade
  4. If using internal-sftp with ForceCommand or chroot configurations, verify that all intended security arguments (such as -u umask, -l, or other options) are now being properly recognized and applied
Caveat Minimal expected; this is a security fix that restores intended functionality rather than changing behavior

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Openssh Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation2.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
7.0 hours of engineering $1,240
Get the upgrade done

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $1,984.

Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-59997 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data