Fastify\/expressApplication · Fastify

CVE-2026-6556

CRITICAL · 9.1 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-06-30
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 4.0.7 or later.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click 8 weeks old

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
@fastify/express versions 4.0.6 and earlier only rewrite the plugin prefix for middleware mount paths when the path argument is a string. Non-string mount paths (arrays of paths and regular expressions) are left unprefixed inside prefixed plugin scopes, so middleware registered with those forms does not match the actual prefixed request path. Applications that use path-scoped middleware for authentication, authorization, rate limiting, or auditing on routes inside a prefixed scope can be bypassed by sending a request to the prefixed route, because Fastify still matches the route but the middleware is skipped. Patches: upgrade to @fastify/express 4.0.7. Workarounds: use string mount paths instead of arrays or regular expressions in prefixed plugins, or register one use call per path.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

The @fastify/express plugin fails to rewrite the plugin prefix for middleware mount paths when they are arrays or regular expressions. Only string paths get the prefix applied. This causes middleware using non-string paths in prefixed plugin scopes to be skipped entirely, allowing attackers to bypass authentication, authorization, rate limiting, or auditing controls.

MitigationUpgrade @fastify/express to version 4.0.7 or later. If immediate upgrading is not possible, refactor middleware to use string mount paths instead of arrays or regular expressions within prefixed plugin scopes.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
Fastify\/expressApplication
Affected:< 4.0.7

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check installed @fastify/express version
    Run 'npm list @fastify/express' or check package.json dependencies
    Affected if Version is below 4.0.7 (e.g., 4.0.6, 4.0.5, etc.)
  2. Identify use of prefixed plugin scopes
    Search codebase for fastify.register() or fastify.plugin() calls that include a 'prefix' option (e.g., fastify.register(plugin, { prefix: '/api' }))
    Affected if Any plugins are registered with a prefix option
  3. Identify middleware using array or regex paths in prefixed scopes
    Search for app.use() or equivalent middleware calls inside prefixed plugin scopes that use arrays (e.g., ['/path1', '/path2']) or regular expressions (e.g., /\/api\/.*/) as mount paths
    Affected if Non-string middleware paths exist within a prefixed plugin scope
  4. Verify middleware execution in prefixed routes
    Test or review logs to confirm that middleware mounted with array/regex paths in prefixed scopes is NOT being executed for requests to prefixed routes
    Affected if Middleware with array/regex paths is being skipped in prefixed plugin contexts

You are affected if @fastify/express version is below 4.0.7 AND your application uses middleware with array or regex mount paths inside plugin scopes that have a prefix option configured.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 4.0.7 or later
Fixed in 4.0.7
Interim mitigation

Upgrade @fastify/express to version 4.0.7 or later. If immediate upgrading is not possible, refactor middleware to use string mount paths instead of arrays or regular expressions within prefixed plugin scopes.

Recommended fix High confidence

@fastify/express 4.0.7

  1. Check current @fastify/express version in project dependencies (package.json or package-lock.json)
  2. Update @fastify/express dependency to version 4.0.7 using package manager (npm install @fastify/[email protected] or yarn add @fastify/[email protected])
  3. Reinstall dependencies to ensure the new version is applied
  4. Verify the application starts without errors
  5. Test all routes within prefixed plugin scopes to confirm middleware (authentication, authorization, rate limiting, auditing) is now properly applied to non-string mount paths (arrays and regular expressions)

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Fastify\/express Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation2.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
8.0 hours of engineering $1,390
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-6556 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

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What belongs here
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  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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