Backup ExecApplication · Veritas

CVE-2020-36167

HIGH · 8.8 CVSS v3.1 Published 2021-01-06
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 20.0.1188.2734 / 21.0.1200.1217 or later.
See remediation →
90/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
An issue was discovered in the server in Veritas Backup Exec through 16.2, 20.6 before hotfix 298543, and 21.1 before hotfix 657517. On start-up, it loads the OpenSSL library from the Installation folder. This library in turn attempts to load the /usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf configuration file, which may not exist. On Windows systems, this path could translate to <drive>:\usr\local\ssl\openssl.cnf. A low privileged user can create a :\usr\local\ssl\openssl.cnf configuration file to load a malicious OpenSSL engine, resulting in arbitrary code execution as SYSTEM when the service starts. This gives the attacker administrator access on the system, allowing the attacker (by default) to access all data, access all installed applications, etc. If the system is also an Active Directory domain controller, then this can affect the entire domain.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

Veritas Backup Exec loads an OpenSSL library on startup which attempts to load a configuration file from /usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf. On Windows systems, this translates to C:\usr\local\ssl\openssl.cnf. A low-privileged attacker can create this path and inject a malicious OpenSSL engine configuration, achieving arbitrary code execution as SYSTEM.

MitigationApply the vendor hotfixes (298543 for version 20.6, 657517 for version 21.2) or upgrade to a patched version. Alternatively, ensure the vulnerable configuration file path does not exist and cannot be created by non-privileged users.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
Backup ExecApplication
Affected:>= 20.0, < 20.0.1188.2734>= 21.0, < 21.0.1200.1217

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Confirm Backup Exec installation and version
    Check the installed version of Veritas Backup Exec using Windows Registry (HKLM\SOFTWARE\Veritas\Backup Exec\Install\Version) or check the executable version at typical installation paths like C:\Program Files\Veritas\Backup Exec\BEREMOTE.exe
    Affected if Version is >= 20.0 and < 20.0.1188.2734, or >= 21.0 and < 21.0.1200.1217
  2. Check for vulnerable config file path
    Verify if the path C:\usr\local\ssl\openssl.cnf exists on the system
    Affected if The file C:\usr\local\ssl\openssl.cnf exists and contains or can be modified to contain a malicious OpenSSL engine configuration
  3. Check parent directory permissions
    Check if low-privileged users can create the directory structure C:\usr\local\ssl\ by examining write permissions on C:\usr\ and C:\usr\local\
    Affected if Non-privileged users have write access to create C:\usr\local\ssl\ and place a malicious openssl.cnf file there
  4. Verify OpenSSL engine loading behavior
    Monitor or inspect Backup Exec process startup to confirm it loads an OpenSSL library that attempts to read from the hardcoded path C:\usr\local\ssl\openssl.cnf
    Affected if The Backup Exec service loads OpenSSL and the config path C:\usr\local\ssl\openssl.cnf is reachable and writable by the attacker

Your environment is affected if Backup Exec version falls within the vulnerable ranges AND the path C:\usr\local\ssl\ can be created or written to by a low-privileged attacker, allowing injection of a malicious OpenSSL engine configuration.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Upgrade available Upgrade to 20.0.1188.2734 / 21.0.1200.1217 or later
Fixed in 20.0.1188.273421.0.1200.1217
Interim mitigation

Apply the vendor hotfixes (298543 for version 20.6, 657517 for version 21.2) or upgrade to a patched version. Alternatively, ensure the vulnerable configuration file path does not exist and cannot be created by non-privileged users.

Fix this in Backup Exec Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation3.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing4.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
13.0 hours of engineering $2,280
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2020-36167 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
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