CVE-2025-1388
Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.
NVD · uneditedOrca HCM from LEARNING DIGITAL has an Arbitrary File Upload vulnerability, allowing remote attackers with regular privileges to upload and run web shells
Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.
dbcve analysis · moderate confidenceOrca HCM from LEARNING DIGITAL contains an arbitrary file upload vulnerability that allows remote authenticated users with regular privileges to upload arbitrary files, including executable web shells, likely due to insufficient validation of uploaded file types and contents.
Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.
Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.
NVD · CPE data< 11.0CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.
From the vector- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.
dbcve checksWork through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.
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Confirm Orca HCM installationIdentify if Learningdigital Orca HCM is deployed in your environment. Check product documentation, installed applications list, or consult with system administrators for the presence of Orca HCM.Affected if Orca HCM from Learningdigital is not present in the environment.
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Check installed versionLocate the installed version of Orca HCM. This is typically found in the application administration panel, about page, or version information file within the installation directory. Compare the version number to the affected range of < 11.0.Affected if The installed version is lower than 11.0.
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Verify file upload capabilityDetermine if the file upload functionality is enabled for regular authenticated users. Check user role permissions, feature flags, or configuration settings that control whether non-privileged users can access the file upload feature.Affected if File upload functionality is available to regular authenticated users.
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Inspect upload directory configurationExamine the web server and application configuration to identify where uploaded files are stored. Check if uploaded files are stored within the web root and whether script execution restrictions are applied to the upload directory.Affected if Uploaded files are stored within the web root without script execution disabled.
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Review recent uploaded filesAudit the upload directories for any suspicious file types such as .php, .asp, .jsp, .exe, or other executable extensions. Review access logs for unusual file upload patterns or requests to uploaded executable files.Affected if Unexpected or malicious file types are found in upload directories, or suspicious upload activity is logged.
Your environment is affected if you have Learningdigital Orca HCM installed with a version lower than 11.0 and the file upload feature is accessible to regular authenticated users.
Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.
Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.
dbcve · scoped11.0
Implement strict allowlist-based file type validation, store uploaded files outside the web root with random filenames, disable script execution in upload directories, and perform thorough content-type and extension checking on upload.
11.0
- Backup the current Orca HCM installation and database before proceeding with the upgrade
- Verify the current installed version of Orca HCM is below 11.0
- Obtain Orca HCM version 11.0 or later from the vendor (Learning Digital)
- Follow the vendor's official upgrade documentation to update to version 11.0
- After upgrade, verify that the file upload functionality properly validates file types and restricts execution of uploaded files
- Confirm the upgrade was successful by checking the version number
Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.
- Consultation4.0 h
- Implementation12.0 h
- Testing6.0 h
- Review / QA4.0 h
An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $7,328.
Scan for this in your stack
Free · runs locallyCheck whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-1388 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.
References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.
Primary sourcesPractitioner notes
ContributedPeer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-1388 in production — separate from our analysis above.
The advisory tells you what broke. It rarely tells you what actually worked. If you’ve dealt with this one, that detail is what the next engineer is searching for.
- The version that genuinely resolved it — not the one the vendor claimed
- A config change or rule that shut the vector down
- A gotcha in the upgrade path that cost you an afternoon
No notes yet
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A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.
- Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
- Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
- No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
- No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data