macOSOperating system · Apple

CVE-2025-24191

MEDIUM · 5.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-03-31
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 15.4 or later.
See remediation →
58/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
No privileges

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
The issue was addressed with improved validation of environment variables. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.4. An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

This vulnerability in macOS allows an application to modify protected parts of the file system due to insufficient validation of environment variables. The issue was addressed by implementing stricter validation checks on environment variables before they are processed by the system, preventing malicious apps from potentially manipulating file system protections.

MitigationUpdate to macOS Sequoia 15.4 or later, which contains the improved environment variable validation fix.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
macOSOperating system
Affected:< 15.4

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check installed macOS version
    Open Apple menu > About This Mac, or run 'sw_vers' in Terminal
    Affected if The version shown is earlier than 15.4 (such as 15.3.x, 14.x, 13.x, etc.)
  2. Confirm system is not patched
    Run 'uname -a' to verify kernel version, then cross-reference with Apple security release notes for build number
    Affected if The build version corresponds to a release predating the 15.4 security update

A system is affected if it runs any macOS version earlier than 15.4, since the vulnerability stems from insufficient environment variable validation in older macOS releases.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 15.4 or later
Fixed in 15.4
Interim mitigation

Update to macOS Sequoia 15.4 or later, which contains the improved environment variable validation fix.

Recommended fix High confidence

macOS Sequoia 15.4

  1. Back up all important data using Time Machine or another backup method before proceeding with the update
  2. Verify your Mac is compatible with macOS Sequoia 15.4 by checking system requirements on Apple's website
  3. Connect your Mac to a stable power source and reliable internet connection
  4. Open System Settings (or System Preferences on older macOS versions)
  5. Navigate to General > Software Update
  6. Click Check for Update and wait for macOS 15.4 to appear
  7. Click Download and Install to begin the update process
  8. Follow the on-screen prompts and allow the system to restart as needed during installation
Caveat Standard macOS update risks apply - ensure complete backup before upgrading; some legacy applications may require updates for compatibility

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in macOS Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
6.0 hours of engineering $1,030
Get the upgrade done

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $1,648.

Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-24191 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-24191 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

Be the first to add a field note for this CVE — a mitigation you’ve verified, a version caveat, or a link to a working fix. Sign in above to contribute.

What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data