macOSOperating system · Apple

CVE-2025-31231

MEDIUM · 5.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-05-29
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 15.4 or later.
See remediation →
58/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
No privileges

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.4. An app may be able to read sensitive location information.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

A permissions issue in macOS allowed an application to bypass location services restrictions and read sensitive user location information without proper authorization. The vulnerability was addressed in macOS Sequoia 15.4 with additional permission restrictions.

MitigationUpdate to macOS Sequoia 15.4 or later. If this affects a third-party application, ensure the application has been updated by its vendor.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
macOSOperating system
Affected:< 15.4

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check macOS version
    Open System Settings > General > About, or run 'sw_vers' in Terminal, or run 'system_profiler SPSoftwareDataType'
    Affected if The installed macOS version is earlier than 15.4 (such as 15.3, 15.2, 15.1, 15.0, or any earlier major version)
  2. Verify Location Services status
    Open System Settings > Privacy & Security > Location Services, or run 'sudo defaults read /var/db/locationd/Library/Preferences/com.apple.locationd.plist'
    Affected if Location Services is enabled and the macOS version is below 15.4
  3. Review applications with location access
    Open System Settings > Privacy & Security > Location Services and check the list of applications that have location access
    Affected if Any application has been granted location access and the macOS version is below 15.4, as that app could have potentially bypassed authorization requirements

The environment is affected if the installed macOS version is earlier than 15.4, regardless of whether Location Services is currently enabled or which applications have location permissions.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 15.4 or later
Fixed in 15.4
Interim mitigation

Update to macOS Sequoia 15.4 or later. If this affects a third-party application, ensure the application has been updated by its vendor.

Recommended fix High confidence

macOS Sequoia 15.4

  1. Back up your Mac using Time Machine before performing any system update
  2. Open System Settings (or System Preferences on older macOS versions)
  3. Navigate to General > Software Update
  4. Wait for Apple to check for updates
  5. If macOS Sequoia 15.4 or later is available, click Update Now or Upgrade Now to download and install it
  6. Follow the on-screen instructions and allow the Mac to restart as needed
  7. After the update completes, verify the new version by going to System Settings > General > About and confirming the version number is 15.4 or later
Caveat Standard macOS upgrade considerations apply - ensure compatibility of critical applications and back up data before proceeding

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in macOS Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation1.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
4.0 hours of engineering $750
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Scan for this in your stack

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dbcve dependency scanner

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-31231 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data