macOSOperating system · Apple

CVE-2025-43461

MEDIUM · 5.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-12-12
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 26.1 or later.
See remediation →
57/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
This issue was addressed with improved validation of symlinks. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.1. An app may be able to access protected user data.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

A symlink validation vulnerability in macOS Tahoe 26.1 allowed applications to bypass security restrictions and access protected user data through improperly validated symbolic links. The fix implements improved validation of symlinks to prevent unauthorized access to protected files.

MitigationUpdate to macOS Tahoe 26.1 or later to obtain the improved symlink validation. No other specific configuration changes are mentioned in the available documentation.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
macOSOperating system
Affected:< 26.1

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check installed macOS version
    Open Terminal and run: sw_vers -productVersion
    Affected if The version displayed is less than 26.1 (e.g., 26.0, 25.x, 24.x, etc.)
  2. Confirm macOS build number matches Tahoe release
    Run: uname -a to see kernel details, or check System Settings > About to verify this is the Tahoe release
    Affected if The system is running a macOS version earlier than 26.1 regardless of build variant
  3. Verify symlink handling in protected directories
    Inspect if symlinks exist in or point to ~/Library, ~/Documents, or other user-protected directories using: ls -la ~ | grep '^l'
    Affected if Symlinks are present in or pointing to protected user directories and the macOS version is below 26.1

Your environment is affected if the installed macOS version is earlier than 26.1, since the vulnerability exists in versions prior to the improved symlink validation fix.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 26.1 or later
Fixed in 26.1
Interim mitigation

Update to macOS Tahoe 26.1 or later to obtain the improved symlink validation. No other specific configuration changes are mentioned in the available documentation.

Recommended fix High confidence

macOS Tahoe 26.1

  1. Check the current macOS version by going to Apple menu > About This Mac
  2. If the version is earlier than macOS Tahoe 26.1, back up important data
  3. Upgrade to macOS Tahoe 26.1 or later via System Settings > General > Software Update
  4. After upgrading, verify the new version is 26.1 or higher

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in macOS Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation2.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
8.0 hours of engineering $1,390
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Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-43461 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data