dbcve.org
ColdfusionApplication · Adobe

CVE-2025-49551

HIGH · 8.8 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-07-08
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
93/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
ColdFusion versions 2025.2, 2023.14, 2021.20 and earlier are affected by a Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability that could result in privilege escalation. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to sensitive systems or data. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. The vulnerable component is restricted to internal IP addresses.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

ColdFusion versions 2025.2, 2023.14, 2021.20 and earlier contain hard-coded credentials embedded in the application or its configuration. An attacker with network access to the internal IP-restricted vulnerable component can exploit these credentials to achieve unauthorized access and privilege escalation without any user interaction.

MitigationApply vendor-provided patches for this vulnerability when available, or upgrade to a patched ColdFusion version. Additionally, rotate any hard-coded credentials, implement network segmentation to further restrict access to the affected component, and audit for similar credential issues.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
ColdfusionApplication
Affected:= 2021= 2023= 2025

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Adjacent
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Determine installed ColdFusion version
    Open ColdFusion Administrator and check the version displayed on the home page, or check the version file in the ColdFusion installation directory (typically /lib/../version.properties or via the cfadmin API GetVersion())
    Affected if The installed version is 2021.x, 2023.x, 2025.0 through 2025.2, or any version earlier than the patched releases for these branches
  2. Locate hard-coded credentials in configuration files
    Search ColdFusion configuration directories for embedded credentials in XML config files (neo-*.xml, server.xml, web.xml), property files, and any custom configuration files under the /cfusion or /lib directories. Use grep to search for password= or defaultPassword= patterns.
    Affected if Any hard-coded, default, or embedded credentials are found in ColdFusion configuration files that were not intentionally set by your administrator
  3. Inspect XML configuration for default accounts
    Examine the ColdFusion neo-datasource.xml, neo-runtime.xml, and any custom XML configuration files in the /cfusion/lib or /WEB-INF/cfusion/lib directories for default user entries or hard-coded account credentials
    Affected if Default user accounts or hard-coded passwords exist in ColdFusion XML configuration files that correspond to the IP-restricted administrative component
  4. Check network exposure of internal IP-restricted component
    Verify if the ColdFusion administrative interface or the vulnerable component is accessible from network segments beyond the intended internal network. Attempt to reach the component from an external IP or non-trusted network segment.
    Affected if The IP-restricted component with the hard-coded credentials is reachable from any network location outside your trusted internal network, or from untrusted users within your network

You are affected if you are running any ColdFusion 2021, 2023, or 2025 version AND have hard-coded credentials present in your configuration files that allow access to the IP-restricted component.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Apply vendor-provided patches for this vulnerability when available, or upgrade to a patched ColdFusion version. Additionally, rotate any hard-coded credentials, implement network segmentation to further restrict access to the affected component, and audit for similar credential issues.

Recommended fix High confidence

ColdFusion 2021.21+, ColdFusion 2023.15+, or ColdFusion 2025.3+ depending on your baseline version

  1. 1. Identify the currently installed ColdFusion version by checking the ColdFusion Administrator or the version info in the installation directory.
  2. 2. For ColdFusion 2021: Upgrade to version 2021.21 or later.
  3. 3. For ColdFusion 2023: Upgrade to version 2023.15 or later.
  4. 4. For ColdFusion 2025: Upgrade to version 2025.3 or later.
  5. 5. Download the appropriate update from the Adobe ColdFusion downloads page (helpx.adobe.com) or through the ColdFusion Administrator's update mechanism.
  6. 6. Before applying the update, back up your ColdFusion instance including the lib directory, configuration files, and any custom code.
  7. 7. Apply the update following Adobe's standard upgrade procedure (run the installer or use the Administrator update feature).
  8. 8. After updating, verify the ColdFusion services start successfully and test critical applications.
Caveat Standard ColdFusion update; review release notes for any configuration or API changes that may affect custom applications

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Coldfusion Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation8.0 h
  • Testing6.0 h
  • Review / QA3.0 h
21.0 hours of engineering $3,680
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-49551 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data