365 CopilotApplication · Microsoft

CVE-2026-42831

HIGH · 7.8 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-05-12
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 16.0.19822.20190 or later.
See remediation →
81/100
Remediation priority · High
No privileges

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Microsoft Office enables an unauthenticated attacker to achieve local code execution. The vulnerability stems from improper bounds checking when processing specially crafted Office documents, allowing heap memory corruption and arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.

MitigationApply available Microsoft Office security updates promptly. Until patches are deployed, exercise caution with Office documents from untrusted sources and consider deploying enhanced monitoring for suspicious Office file activity.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
365 CopilotApplication
Affected:< 16.0.19822.20190
OfficeApplication
Affected:= 2024
Office Long Term Servicing ChannelApplication
Affected:= 2021

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify installed Microsoft Office version
    Open any Office application (Word, Excel, PowerPoint), go to File > Account > About [App], or check WINWORD.EXE properties in Program Files. For Microsoft 365, also check via File > Account > View Updates.
    Affected if Version is 2024 (any build), LTSC 2021 (any build), or Microsoft 365 Copilot version is below 16.0.19822.20190
  2. Confirm Office executable version
    Navigate to the Office installation directory (typically C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\root\Office16 or similar) and check properties of WINWORD.EXE, EXCEL.EXE, or POWERPNT.EXE to view the File Version.
    Affected if The file version matches an affected release year (2024 or 2021) or falls below 16.0.19822.20190 for Microsoft 365 Copilot installations
  3. Check Microsoft 365 subscription version specifically
    Open any Microsoft 365 app, go to File > Account, and note the version number displayed under 'Update Options' or 'About [App]'. Compare the full version string (e.g., 16.0.xxxxx.xxxxx) to the threshold.
    Affected if The version number is less than 16.0.19822.20190 and the product includes Copilot functionality
  4. Determine vulnerability applicability based on document processing
    The flaw triggers when Office processes specially crafted documents. Verify if the system regularly opens Office files from email attachments, downloads, or network shares - this is the attack surface.
    Affected if An affected Office version is installed AND the user or application opens Office documents (DOCX, XLSX, PPTX, etc.) from any source

A user is affected if their installed Microsoft Office version is 2024, LTSC 2021, or Microsoft 365 Copilot below version 16.0.19822.20190, and they process Office documents.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Upgrade available Upgrade to 16.0.19822.20190 or later
Fixed in 16.0.19822.20190
Interim mitigation

Apply available Microsoft Office security updates promptly. Until patches are deployed, exercise caution with Office documents from untrusted sources and consider deploying enhanced monitoring for suspicious Office file activity.

Fix this in 365 Copilot Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation1.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
7.0 hours of engineering $1,210
Get the upgrade done

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $1,936.

Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2026-42831 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-42831 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data