PortainerApplication

CVE-2026-44881

CRITICAL · 9.9 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-05-28
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 2.33.8 / 2.39.2 or later.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Public exploit Remotely reachable Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Portainer Community Edition is a lightweight service delivery platform for containerized applications that can be used to manage Docker, Swarm, Kubernetes and ACI environments. From 2.33.0 to before 2.33.8, 2.39.2, and 2.41.0, Portainer supports deploying stacks from Git repositories. When a Git-backed stack is created or updated, Portainer clones the repository using go-git v5, which translates Git blob entries with mode 0o120000 (symlink) into real OS symlinks on the host filesystem via os.Symlink. The only entry blocked from becoming a symlink is .gitmodules; every other path is created as a symlink without validation. Portainer's GET /api/stacks/{id}/file endpoint then reads the stack entry point with os.ReadFile, which follows OS symlinks transparently. A repository containing docker-compose.yml as a symlink to an arbitrary filesystem path causes the symlink target's contents to be returned verbatim in the HTTP response. Any authenticated user with rights to create or update a Git-backed stack — the default configuration in Portainer CE — can read arbitrary files accessible to the Portainer process. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.33.8, 2.39.2, and 2.41.0.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

Portainer CE versions 2.33.0 through 2.33.7, 2.39.0-2.39.1, and 2.40.0-2.40.x contain a symlink traversal vulnerability in the Git-backed stack deployment feature. When cloning Git repositories, Portainer converts Git blob entries with mode 0o120000 (symlinks) into real OS symlinks without proper path validation, except for .gitmodules. The /api/stacks/{id}/file endpoint then reads stack files using os.ReadFile, which transparently follows these symlinks. This allows any authenticated user with stack create/update permissions to read arbitrary files accessible to the Portainer process.

MitigationUpgrade Portainer CE to version 2.33.8, 2.39.2, or 2.41.0 or later to resolve the symlink validation vulnerability. Until upgraded, restrict or audit access to users with stack management permissions.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
PortainerApplication
Affected:>= 2.33.0, < 2.33.8>= 2.34.0, < 2.39.2= 2.40.0

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify installed Portainer version
    Access the Portainer web UI and check the version displayed in the footer, or query the API at GET /api/system/status
    Affected if The version falls within 2.33.0-2.33.7, 2.34.0-2.39.1, or 2.40.0-2.41.0 (pre-fix versions)
  2. Verify if Git-backed stacks exist
    Query the API at GET /api/stacks to list all stacks, then inspect each stack object for the presence of a 'RepositoryURL' or 'Git' field indicating Git-backed deployment
    Affected if Any stack has a non-empty RepositoryURL field pointing to a Git repository, indicating Git-backed stack deployment is in use
  3. Inspect stack file storage for symlinks
    On the Portainer host filesystem, navigate to the stack files directory (typically under /data/stacks or /var/lib/portainer/stacks) and run 'find . -type l -ls' to list all symlinks
    Affected if Any symlinks exist in stack directories that point outside the expected stack directory, indicating exploitation of the traversal
  4. Review API access logs for the vulnerable endpoint
    Check Portainer logs or reverse proxy logs for access to GET /api/stacks/{id}/file endpoints, especially with unusual path patterns
    Affected if Requests to /api/stacks/{id}/file return contents of files outside the expected stack directory
  5. Audit users with stack create/update permissions
    Use the Portainer UI under Users or Teams to list accounts with permissions to create or update stacks, or query GET /api/users/{id}/permissions
    Affected if Any untrusted or compromised accounts have stack create or update permissions, which are required to exploit this vulnerability

A user is affected if running a vulnerable Portainer version AND has Git-backed stacks in use AND possesses stack create/update permissions that could allow symlink-based path traversal attacks.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 2.33.8 / 2.39.2 or later
Fixed in 2.33.82.39.2
Interim mitigation

Upgrade Portainer CE to version 2.33.8, 2.39.2, or 2.41.0 or later to resolve the symlink validation vulnerability. Until upgraded, restrict or audit access to users with stack management permissions.

Recommended fix High confidence

2.41.0 (or 2.33.8/2.39.2 for older branches)

  1. Backup your existing Portainer data and configuration
  2. Stop the current Portainer container/service
  3. Upgrade Portainer to version 2.41.0 or later (or minimum 2.33.8 or 2.39.2 depending on your branch)
  4. Verify the upgrade completed successfully
  5. Restart Portainer service
  6. Confirm the /api/stacks/{id}/file endpoint no longer follows symlinks outside the expected directory
Caveat Standard upgrade; review release notes for any configuration changes between your current and target version

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Portainer Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation1.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
7.0 hours of engineering $1,210
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Scan for this in your stack

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-44881 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data