Iphone OsOperating system · Apple

CVE-2013-1028

MEDIUM · 5.8 CVSS v2.0 Published 2013-09-16
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to after 10.8.4 or later.
See remediation →
67/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
The IPSec implementation in Apple Mac OS X before 10.8.5, when Hybrid Auth is used, does not verify X.509 certificates from security gateways, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof security gateways and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

The IPSec implementation in Apple Mac OS X before 10.8.5 fails to verify X.509 certificates from security gateways when Hybrid Auth mode is enabled, allowing man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof VPN gateways using crafted certificates and intercept sensitive communications.

MitigationUpgrade to Mac OS X 10.8.5 or later which includes proper X.509 certificate verification for IPSec Hybrid Auth connections. Alternatively, disable Hybrid Auth and use certificate-based authentication with full verification.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
Iphone OsOperating system
Affected:<= 6.1.4= 1.0.0= 1.0.1= 1.0.2= 1.1.0= 1.1.1= 1.1.2= 1.1.3= 1.1.4= 1.1.5= 2.0= 2.0.0
Mac Os XOperating system
Affected:<= 10.8.4= 10.8.0= 10.8.1= 10.8.2= 10.8.3

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
M
Authentication
None
Confidentiality
Partial
Integrity
Partial
Availability
None

AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check Mac OS X version
    Run 'sw_vers -productVersion' in Terminal to obtain the installed OS version.
    Affected if Version is 10.8.4 or lower (including 10.8.0, 10.8.1, 10.8.2, 10.8.3)
  2. Verify IPSec VPN configuration exists
    Run 'scutil --nc list' to list all network configurations, or inspect /Library/Preferences/com.apple.networkConnect.plist for VPN profiles.
    Affected if An IPSec-based VPN configuration is present on the system
  3. Confirm Hybrid Auth mode is enabled
    Inspect the IPSec VPN configuration details. On Mac OS X, Hybrid Auth is typically configured in System Preferences under Network > VPN (if using IPSec). Check the authentication settings for the VPN connection.
    Affected if The IPSec VPN is configured to use Hybrid Authentication (Hybrid Auth) mode, which relies on server certificate verification that is missing in affected versions
  4. Verify X.509 certificate verification behavior
    Attempt to connect to the VPN gateway using a self-signed or invalid certificate. Observe whether the connection is rejected or accepted without proper verification warning.
    Affected if The VPN accepts connections to gateways with invalid, expired, or self-signed X.509 certificates without warning or rejection when Hybrid Auth is enabled

A system is affected if it runs Mac OS X 10.8.4 or earlier AND has an IPSec VPN configured with Hybrid Auth mode enabled, allowing acceptance of invalid X.509 certificates from VPN gateways.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Upgrade available Upgrade to a release after 10.8.4
Interim mitigation

Upgrade to Mac OS X 10.8.5 or later which includes proper X.509 certificate verification for IPSec Hybrid Auth connections. Alternatively, disable Hybrid Auth and use certificate-based authentication with full verification.

Fix this in Iphone Os Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation2.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
8.0 hours of engineering $1,390
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Scan for this in your stack

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2013-1028 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data